| January 2004 | How to Tell Real Silver from Everything Else |
| February 2004 | Knitting Rings Under Test |
| March 2004 | New Store Carries The Chain Mail Guy's Wares |
| April 2004 | Steel Prices Skyrocket, The Story of Bethlehem Steel |
| May 2004 | Making Coiled Wire Spool Holders |
| June 2004 | Call for Models |
| July 2004 | New Pictures of my Corset Dress |
| August 2004 | The London Celtic Festival, Prices drop on Hanging Candle Holders |
| September 2004 | The Fergus Scottish Festival, Pink Titanium Now Available |
| October 2004 | New Stainless Steel Supplier, and Fashion Show Rumours |
| November 2004 | Website Updates, Tweaks, New Jewellery, and the Titanium Anodizer is Now Available |
| December 2004 | The Dark Vanity Fashion Show and the December Price Reductions |
Greetings, Link readers!
Welcome to the January 2004 issue of Link, the monthly text-only e-mail newsletter of the Chain Mail Guy. This month I'll be telling you how to tell actual silver from silver-looking metals and the story of how I happened across this neat little test. I'll also tell you about what I've been doing to my knitting rings lately, and I'll tell you about some of the specials I'll be running through the month of January.
IS IT SILVER?
I was talking to a colleague a number of weeks ago about how some technologies seem to catch the attention of the general public and some remain a fading curiosity. His example of a fad technology was the personal rocket belt. You may have seen NASA footage of a man wearing a jet pack, flying a few feet off the ground, hovering above the crowd below before coming down for a gentle landing. If the rocket industry had, pardon the pun, "taken off" the same way the computer industry did, we should all be flying disposable jet packs to and from work by now. "Where did the technology go?", my colleague wondered.
I couldn't put that question down and www.askjeeves.com was very helpful in providing the answer. The rocket belt was invented by one man working at Nasa in the 60's, and he and a group of technicians and engineers went on tour across America showing the thing off. When the inventor died, NASA shelved the project and broke up the team, putting them on other projects. The device used highly concentrated hydrogen peroxide as a fuel. Hydrogen peroxide is a mono fuel, meaning it carries both the fuel and oxidizer in the same molecule. How does it work? When hydrogen peroxide comes in contact with silver it breaks down into oxygen and water and generates heat *without* consuming the silver. The silver is just a catalyst. The process generates so much heat that at 50% - 70% concentrations, the heat is enough to turn the water into steam. Direct this through a rocket nozzle and you've got thrust without actually burning fossil fuels.
The NASA rocket belt used this technology by forcing 90% hydrogen peroxide through a rocket nozzle lined with silver mesh screens. One 6 lb. charge would be enough for 20 seconds of flight, and the screens would have to be changed often. At 90% concentrations the heat generated is enough to melt the silver mesh.
After reading that I asked myself what would happen if silver came in contact with regular household 3% hydrogen peroxide? Further study indicated that the only metal hydrogen peroxide catalyzes with is silver although in high concentrations it's unstable in the presence of organic material like skin, grease, etc.
I set up a row of glasses of hydrogen peroxide and dropped a piece of metal in each. A sterling silver ring, a stainless steel ring, a brass ring, an aluminum ring, a titanium ring. After 20 - 30 seconds, bubbles began to form on the silver ring, break off and rise to the top. No other metal I tested did that. The silver had a badly oxidized spot on it and the bubbles did not form there. I didn't have any rhodium-plated jewelry to test, nor any pewter. I expect these would not react with hydrogen peroxide either but I haven't proven that yet. If you have some, try it and let me know how it goes. The test shows postitive for silver plated material as well. If you want to find out if a piece is silver plated look for the maker's mark indicating such, or for a wear mark that shows the brass underneath.
For now it looks like the hydrogen peroxide test is a valid, quick, inexpensive, portable method of telling real silver from everything else including its identical but cheaper twin, german silver or nickel silver which has no actual silver content. It doesn't destroy the piece under test and the results come back in 30 seconds. A 500mL bottle is about $3 and will last you for many tests. The stuff can be re-used, but even when unused it does break down with heat. If stored at room temperature, replace the bottle every year. If stored in your car in the summer, replace it every day. The test can be performed at garage sales to see if that heirloom piece you're eyeing is what the vendor says it is.
I was about to say that this test is so simple, that it's not rocket science, but really it is. :)
KNITTING RINGS UNDER TEST
It seems that this past month has been a time of test for my work. A number of months ago I told you I was developing a method of testing the pull-apart strength of chain mail rings after I got frustrated with the math involved in determining the same thing. The device holds a ring under test at the top and bottom and gives it a steady, specific pull based on a precision weight and lever mechanism. I add more weight to the device until the ring stretches open enough to allow a ring of the same size to pass through the break in the ring. This is the point at which a ring in a garment would come apart and make a "moth-hole".
In the SCA, WCJA and AEMMA, the minimum ring required for armoured combat is made from 14AWG galvanized steel fencing wire, knitted in butted-mail fashion. The specification is only for the ring size, wire size and material, it does not specify the tensile strength of the ring. Obviously a ring with a welded or riveted joint would be much stronger. This would mean that the rings can be larger, the wire smaller, and still meet the same strength requirements as the 14AWG galvanized steel ring. The question is, how much stronger? I've noticed that rings with a smaller wire diameter/ring diameter ratio are stronger than rings in the same material with a larger ratio, but how much stronger?
These questions will be answered shortly, and the answers will be posted in the Accessories and Pricing sections of www.chainmailguy.com. I'll put the ring strength with each type of ring so you'll have a better idea of what rings are stronger than others.
Jerry Penner
The Chain Mail Guy
www.chainmailguy.com
Greetings, Link readers!
SKYROCKETING STEEL PRICES NO JOKE
I got a nasty case of sticker shock when I tried to place an order for some stainless wire with my usual wire guy this week. Prices for stainless wire have more than doubled in the past few months.
An industry insider told me the story of the bankruptcy of Bethlehem Steel, and the unsubstantiated rumour that the assets have been purchased by an Asian firm and all manufacturing capacity moved offshore.
So how can one little steel mill cause so much trouble?
It ain't one little steel mill.
It started as an iron works in Bethlehem, PA in 1857 under the guidance of Charles Schwab. They made pig iron, billets, expanded to forgings and castings, and started making steel rails in 1873. They created an Armour Plate Works, and manufactured artillery and armour, and had an R&D department that developed some of the best ordnance a government can get.
Later, shipbuilding plants were built and Bethlehem Steel made a horribly large pile of money from WWII, building 20% of the US Naval fleet and supplying the British with "Anything they can afford". U.S. neurality laws at the time forbade such practice, but this was circumvented by some clever shipping through Canada.
Bethlehem Steel's plant in PA covers 1500 acres and has multiple subsidiaries across the USA. Their R&D department is also resposible for the creation of the H-beam, the big brother of the I-beam. These structural components are found in every single high-rise and commercial construction project on the planet. The company is responsible for the manufacture of the Golden Gate Bridge and the New York Skyline. The R&D department also developed High Speed Steel, the stuff that every single common drill bit is made from.
After Charles Schwab, Eugene Grace grew the company into the #2 steel producer in the USA. Mr. Grace started with the company as a crane operator and within 17 years worked his way up to President. He is quoted as saying, "Let it be your guiding, impelling aim to take the boss' job away from him.". He was 36 when named President of the company. For a story of opulence, iron-fisted ruling, and rags-to-riches worthy of a Hollywood movie, visit http://www.bethlehempaonline.com/steelgolden.html
The scope of this one company is mind boggling . For more background on Bethlehem Steel, visit http://www.bethlehempaonline.com/steel.html
WHERE'S THE STEEL GOING?
Structural steel is almost impossible to get according to my industry insider. Stainless steels are somewhat easier to obtain than ferrous steels and the price of brass and aluminum are moving up as manufacturers select different materials to fill the gap. Further, The U.S. Government has imposed an import tax on steel brought into the USA to help keep less expensive foreign steel out and protect jobs. This tariff will be in place for 3 years.
Design Product News, an engineering trade paper ran a story this month on how Chinese auto manufacturers are now being allowed to compete for market share and to build cars for export and domestic use within China. According to DPN it was illegal for citizens of China to own a private vehicle. Up until 1995, this privilege was reserved for Government. Mix this relaxed law with inexpensive labour, hundreds of thousands of new Chinese engineers being trained every year, and I can see where all that offshore steel is going to be used. GM is currently the biggest player in China, with Volkswagen and AMC not far behind.
THE END RESULT
What does all this mean to the chain knitter? The Chain Mail Guy is going to spend more time looking under rocks and trees for the best deals on wire while maintaining the high quality of the rings and work very hard to keep prices from going up any time soon. I like offering the buy-4-get-1-free deal, I like offering free shipping over $60 CDN, and I'll work hard to keep these available. I knit with the same rings I sell, and I won't sell what I wouldn't work with. No matter what happens to the price, the quality will not drop because *I* won't work with low quality rings.
If you like making your own rings you might want to forget the Farm Supply stores and start visiting the local scrap yards. The manufacturing of steel is the bottleneck, not the supply of scrap. The price of finished product may be rising, but with less production capacity, scrap piles will be getting larger and the price of scrap steel should stabilize and perhaps fall until production can catch up again.
Precious metals are not affected by this news. Titanium, sterling silver, and gold are all available at their regular prices.
Jerry Penner
The Chain Mail Guy
www.chainmailguy.com
Greetings, Link readers!
Last month I talked about the skyrocketing price of steel, this month I'm going to talk about how to make your own spool holder for wire coils that don't come on spools.
BIG GARBAGE DAY
Found Object Artists, Handyfolk and Salvage Pickers all look forward to Big Garbage Day. Some folks call it Spring Cleaning Day, some call it Recycling Weekend. Usually it's held in the spring, sometimes again in the fall, where for one special pickup the garbage trucks will take whatever you can give them unless it's liquid or radioactive. Halves of bicycles, washers and dryers that don't work, endless lines of barbecues, three-legged chairs, lawn mowers with bent crankshafts, and ten year-old computer parts as far as the eye can see.
This is better than Christmas! Why? You know what you're getting is something you can use, and everyone knows what you're giving away is crap.
Professional pickers will cruise Suburbia all night waiting for fresh pickings as each householder empties the contents of his garage, basement or front porch of stuff that Goodwill just won't come and take away. Apparently, the price obtained for the scrap value of a cast aluminum barbecue offsets the cost of the fuel spent finding it.
What can the chain knitter find on Big Garbage Day that is useful? Dryers that spin but don't heat make great tumblers for polishing finished pieces. Incomplete barbecues that with a little work can be turned into heat treatment furnaces. Dot matrix printers are an excellent source of precision mandrels for winding springs. Office chairs that still spin but are uncomfortable to sit in make great spool holders.
MAKING COILED WIRE SPOOL HOLDERS
After piling up my offering to my neigbours, I took one more look at everything I was parting with. One piece was an office chair salvaged during an office cleanout at a local business some years ago. The chair was dated at about 35 - 40 years old and had functional tilt, swivel and rolling wheels, but the seat padding was shot. The chair was uncomfortable.
In my search over the past month for better pricing on wire I found that some suppliers don't offer their wire on spools or reels, but on coils. These have a 12" paper or cardboard core and are banded with plastic ties to hold the whole thing together. Inexpensive for the supplier but tough to reel off without proper equipment.
As I was looking at that chair I was preparing to throw away, a light went on over my head. If I could get that cardboard-cored coil sitting on that chair, it would spin around real nice and spool off just fine as I wound it into springs.
The wooden frame seat and back of the chair was bolted to the swivel with four big screws. I removed those and took off the seat to reveal an X-shaped angle-iron support for the seat of the chair. I grabbed a sheet of plywood and cut it into a square, 24" on each side, and then shaved off the corners to make it an octagon. Knocking off the corners of the square would minimize the possibility of the wire catching on the corners of the wood as it unspooled.
Next, I grabbed an unopened coil of wire and set in on the plywood, ensuring it was centered by measuring from each outside edge to the coil, and drew a circle on the plywood inside the coil. I removed the coil and cut four 2X4's, 12" long, and screwed them to the plywood base protruding at right angles from the plywood, forming an "X" inside the circle I drew. The 2X4 ends were not cut at right angles, and angled slightly inward to allow the spool to be set over the 2X4's easily and seat on the plywood.
Last, I bolted the plywood to the swivel of the chair and set the coil on the plywood and gave it a spin. It ran true. After cutting the straps on the coil I started winding springs, and found that the whole setup worked fairly well. The coil peels off in a horizontal instad of a vertical plane which I'm used to, but this I can learn to deal with. The whole thing is on wheels so when it's time to put away my toys I don't have to lift 60 lbs. of steel. I may have to file a flat spot onto one or more of the casters so that the whole thing stays put when I'm winding springs. I may have to put some friction on the swivel as well, since the thing tends to keep spinning after I stop pulling on the wire.
One other drawback to this new tool is that once the wire is on the holder and the straps are cut, the wire has to stay there until it's all gone. There is no easy way to get a half-coil of wire off the holder. This is a minimal drawback. Broken office chairs are free for the taking on Big Garbage Day, and I can make as many of these holders as I need, one for each type of wire.
Jerry Penner
The Chain Mail Guy
www.chainmailguy.com
Greetings, Link readers!
GREAT TIMES AT THE LONDON CELTIC FESTIVAL
What a wonderful event this was! Great music, bands, lots of people, sunny day, and fresh food available at the Covent Garden Market. This was arguably the best show I've done this year. The people I met were great. Since the festival was run in conjuntion withthe WCJA jousting across the street at the John Labatt Center, the fit was perfect. The folks coming out of the JLC would hear the music and come on over to investigate. The kids would see chain mail and know what it was, because they'd just seen knights fighting in it. We had great fun getting people to try on my wares and generally enjoying the entire weekend.
On Saturday and Sunday we shared the vendor's area with the local growers who usually set up for Farmer's Market. The added fresh food made the weekend that much more of a festival, adding to the marketplace quite nicely.
At the end of it all, the organizers auctioned off a set cardboard lobby cutouts of the three main characters from Lord of the Rings. These cutouts were used all weekend to promote and dress up the festival, and the lot of them were purchased individually by one guy, who got them for about $110 for the lot. What a deal!
Look for this event next year!
PRICES DROPPING
The hanging candle holders have now dropped in price from $32.00 CDN ea. to $24.00 CDN ea., with a much wider variety available. As time permits, I'll post more on the website, but for now if you'd like to see what I have, either come & see me at the Fergus Scottish Festival this weekend, or e-mail me at and I'll send you photos of what I currently have available.
Jerry Penner
The Chain Mail Guy
www.chainmailguy.com
Greetings, Link readers!
This month I'm going to tell you about some specials and price reductions, as well as the highlights of the Fergus Scottish Festival, as I remember them.
FREGUS SCOTTISH FESTIVAL WAS GREAT
What a weekend! I met wonderful folks all weekend, helped attractive young ladies try on expensive clothes, and my own S.O. bought me a coveted ticket to the Scotch Nosing on Saturday as a belated birthday present. Six single malts plus one blended, none available for purchase. Dimmed lights and candles at the tables, a little food, and some musical and dramatic entertainment to help round out the experience. It was a wonderful 2 hour "taste drive" of some scotches I'd never try by myself.
The security has been visibly stepped up this year in response to last year's thefts. More volunteers and police were roaming day and night, aiding in the reduction of rowdiness and increasing the overall politeness of the crowd. One drunk goofball thought he would try his hand at shoplifting from me.
Didn't work.
Each vendor watches the others around him as well as his own booth and will come to the aid of another when necessary, rather like the Hanseatic League in Germany. The Hanseatic League was a group of merchants who banded together to sail their ships in convoys, helping to thwart attacks from pirates. The members of this League also traded their wares in shops beside each other in merchant towns like Hildescheim in Germany, which still exists today. The Hanseatic League was also responsible for standardizing the purity of silver so that it could be universally used as money. That standard is Sterling Silver, or 92.5% silver, 7.5% other metals.
TITANIUM BAGS GET BIGGER
Now get 25% more when you order titanium knitting rings. Bags that used to contain 100 rings for $18.50 CDN (about $13.70 USD) now contain 125 rings for the same price. The buy-4-get-1-free deal still applies, as does the free colouring option.
TITANIUM NOW AVAILABLE IN PINK
Yep, bright pink, bright purple and some interesting yellows popped out when I was experimenting with my anodizer this week. As time permits, I'll be posting new pictures of all the colours on the website. For now, I can e-mail you a picture of bright pink at your request. When ordering, indicate colour TI-64 as your choice.
Jerry Penner
The Chain Mail Guy
www.chainmailguy.com